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This module will equip students with the ability to understand and design a health research study using appropriate research and analytical techniques. Scientific research plays a very important role in efforts to maintain health and combating diseases. Health research helps in the creation of new knowledge and develop proper tools for the use of existing knowledge. 

This module emphasizes knowledge about drugs, their classification, therapeutic effects, anticipated reactions, toxic effects, and abuse. The emphasis is on application of concepts to patient care situations, including patient assessment, drug dosage calculations and administration, patient and family teaching and documentation of patient responses to specific medications.  Major emphasis will be placed on nursing management practices that minimize adverse effects and maximize therapeutic effects for patients, including the role of the nurse in pharmacological research.

This module provides the skills and knowledge necessary to provide anesthesia, recognize any issues that occur when caring for patients receiving an anaesthetic, across a range of surgical procedure. . The focus of the course includes: the role of the anaesthetist and anesthesia, the historical context of anesthesia , define  different types of anesthesia: General Anesthesia/sedation/Local Anesthesia/spinal anesthesia, describe basic anesthetic pharmacology, pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics, administration of drugs, blood therapy and fluids replacement, Airway management ,patient assessment, preparation of anesthetic environment, monitoring physiological parameters , patient positioning, Patient care record and post anesthesia care.

Dear l3 Anesthesia students,

welcome to this module of Medical surgical Pathology

This module is specific to year 3 in Bachelors of Sciences in ANESTHESIA. 

For more information about the module, please read the module outline.

This module examines the interaction of theory, research, and clinical expertise in the development of evidence-based anesthesia practice. 

Welcome to the Aquatic Resource Management (AP2124) module. This course aims at introducing principles of Limnology, aquaculture and fisheries management to students so as to  prepare them for in-depth understanding of the 3 components of the modules. Students are expected to be familiar with aquaculture and fisheries terminologies, culture and fishing techniques, and infrastructure needed for aquaculture productions and capture fisheries, as well as understand freshwater abiotic and biotic factors that influence life in water. At the end of the module students should be able to propose solutions to problems encountered during aquaculture activities, and aquatic bodies (rivers, lakes, dams, marshland) management. 

This module will provide students with an understanding of the fundamental role of a proper and rational feeding program in livestock production. We will focus on the importance of nutritional requirements in livestock feeding ; nutrient metabolism; role of animal’s stage of growth or production in feeding, influence of genetic capacity and health on feeds requirement ; major classes of animal feedstuffs, feeding facilities, cause and consequences of nutrients deficiencies

This module is designed to equip students with an understanding the principles of reproduction and production management in livestock. The module of reproductive management mainly focus on reproductive physiology, reproductive techniques, reproductive disorders and diseases management.

This module is taught to year 3 students so as to understand livestock value chain analysis, marketing analysis of animal products, institutional analysis and the reason behind their organization, relationships between different levels of analysis. This will help the student to have knowledge and skills to analyze themselves the animal product value chains, classify and characterize the markets and analyze new institutional economics and comparative political economy, with a focus both on the basic theory and on contemporary empirical research. The students will be able to use the analysis methods discussed along with all units. They will also be able to identify the constraints and opportunities and proposing market-based solutions for development in the market and marketing of animal products.

This module is taught to year 3 Animal Production Students.

Ruminant Animal Production is designed to provide students with a general concept and understanding of the husbandry and management principles of ruminant animals for production purposes.

Geoscience (also called Earth Science) is the study of Earth. Knowledge in earth science will raise the awareness of students in animal production on the importance of the interactions between humans, farm animals, large-scale agriculture, and the Earth. This includes issues of land use and different ways in which the environment of earth can affect animal production.

This course is taught to final year AP students and it will provide students with the necessary knowledge and skills to enable them to prepare research proposals, doing research and writing research reports in Animal production and other related fields.

This module focuses on one hand on Bee industry in Rwanda, importance and benefits of bee keeping in rural development, national and global trends, special physiological and anatomical adaptations, the need and behaviour of bees, husbandry practices and requirements, queen rearing, types of bee hives, product harvesting, processing and appropriate technologies, marketing, economics and records.

On the other hand, it focuses on applied aspects of interactions between livestock and wildlife as well as integrated livestock -wildlife management and including sustainable use of natural resources.  This module is aimed at equipping students with knowledge and skills on Beekeeping and the integrated livestock- wildlife management, the rational use of these resources, comprehensive monitoring, effective protection and conservation of these resources. This module is therefore aimed at equipping students with knowledge and tools that will empower the student to offer practical advice to the local communities particularly beekeepers and livestock owners adjacent the protected areas on how to sustainably manage and exploit the available natural resources.

Module structure

 Welcome Message,

Dear Students,

Greetings and welcome to this Module of Agricultural Extension and Communication.It is with pleasure that we would like to welcome you to this interesting module.This Module has two components : Agricultural Extension  Component and ICT in agriculture Component.you are all requested to read all available teaching materials.

Brief Description of the Module

This course is designed to provide students with a broad understanding on concepts, approaches of agricultural extension and communication. the role of ICT in delivering extension to farmers. During this course, students will gain a deep understanding on the current extension methods and models being used as well as the role ICT is playing in delivering extension to farmers. The course is designed in a set of lectures and workshops where there is an interaction between a lecturer and students.

Module Learning Outcomes 

After completing this module, students will have a clear understanding of:

1. What is agricultural extension, impact of agricultural extension services and extension approaches currently used in Rwanda
2. The process of agricultural technology transfer and adoption and diffusion of innovations in agriculture
3. The new concepts and innovations around ICT in Agriculture
4. The concepts and approaches of agricultural extension,
5. The role ICT is playing in delivering extension to farmers

 Contents of the Module

COMPONENT I. EXTENSION

 1.Current situation of agriculture and extension context in Rwanda

 2. Definition of extension and the role of higher education in agricultural extension services

 3. Problem analysis and current agriculture in sub-Saharan Africa (cfr JICA)

 4. Roles of extension services in supporting agricultural development

5. Various approaches of extension work

6. Extension as Profession

7.  Four Paradigms of Agricultural Extension

8.  Extension approaches, models and methods

COMPONENT II. INFORMATION, COMMUNICATION AND TECHNOLOGY(ICT) IN AGRICULTURE

    1. Introduction to ICT in Agriculture

    2. The Concept of e-Agriculture

   3. The Role of ICT in delivering Extension to farmers

   4. Innovations in ICT in Agriculture

  5. Case studies on ICT 4 Agriculture concept

    Assessment Strategy

The main principles underlying assessment are that understanding, interpretation and application are the crucial issues.  The assessment is through:

• Continuous Assessment Test (CAT) and Assignments,
• Practical exercises,
• Seminars
• Group discussion.
• Tutorials
• Final written examination

Basically, assessment is by course work and examination in proportions that vary according to the needs of particular modules.

 Assessment pattern

Teaching Team

- Dr Callixte Gatali: Tel: +250-789667117 / Email: callixte.gatali99@gmail.com 

- Patrick Mugiraneza: Tel: +250-786529399 / Email: mupaty22@gmail.com 

Suggested Readings

•  ICT in Agriculture: Perspectives of technological innovations by E. Gelb, A. Offer (2005). Published by the European Federation for Information, Technologies in Agriculture (EFITA).
• FAO (2013). ICT uses for inclusive agricultural value chains. [online]. Available from: http://www.fao.org/docrep/017/aq078e/aq078e.pdf
• Brewer, F. (ed.) (2001) Agricultural extension systems: An international perspective. MA, USA: Courier Custom Publishing, Inc.
• Gupta, D.D. (ed.) (2004) Extension education: core contents and emerging areas. India: AGROBIOS.
• Kathiresan, A. (2011) Strategies for sustainable crop intensification in Rwanda: shifting from producing enough to producing surplus. Kigali, Rwanda: Ministry of Agriculture and Animal Resources (MINAGRI).
• Okoth, J.R, Nalyongo, W. & Bonte, A. (2010). Facilitators’ Guide for Running
• a Farmer Field School: An adaptation to a post emergency recovery programme. FAO Uganda.

• Useful websites:

-  http://www.e-agriculture.org/

-  http://www.cta.int/en/

-  http://www.minagri.gov.rw/

 Dear students,

Greetings and welcome to the online teaching of the Development policies and legislation module.This module seeks to introduce students to the basic concepts, theories and methodologies useful for rural planning, design and management of development programs including community based organisations and industrialisation.The key concepts include: livelihoods, design, logical framework, monitoring, evaluation, cooperatives, industrialisation, development plans, rural transformation and CBOs.

  Learning outcomes of this module

Having successfully completed the module, students should be able to demonstrate knowledge and understanding of:

• Fundamental concepts of rural livelihoods, problems, constraints and challenges and how these impact on rural community development
• Linkage between community based organisations and industrialisation in rural areas
•  Rural planning and management tools
• The conceptual understanding of rural development and gender issues and develop skills to work on rural development issues

• How and why policies are made: why policies are needed, Who the policy participants are, how policy is implemented, and how they impact society
• Problems in and related to agriculture that merit policy consideration.
• Analysis the inter-relationships between agricultural, environmental and economic development policies in Rwanda

At the end of this module, students will also be able to:

• Design rural area development plans;
• Identify and analyse rural livelihoods;
• Manage agricultural cooperatives into viable institutions of development;
• Undertake transformations of rural societies through innovations
• Familiarise students with domestic agricultural and resource policy.
• Apply analysis skills to address policy issues affecting Rwanda

Course Developers/Facilitators

• Patrick Mugiraneza: Email: mupaty222gmail.com / Tel: +250-786529399
• Mary Kabarungi: Email: karumary@gmail.com/Tel: +250-788781634

References

Rural Development Planning Component

• Diakosavvas, Dimitris, ed. 2006. Coherence of agricultural and rural development policies, Paris: OECD.
• Blakely, Edward and Ted Bradshaw. 2002. Planning Local Economic Development: Theory and Practice, 3rd edition. London: Sage Publications.
• Fitzgerald, Joan and Nancey Leigh. 2002. Economic Revitalization: Cases and Strategies for City and Suburbs. London: Sage Publications.

Development policies and Legislation

• Monke and Scott Pearson (1989)The Policy Analysis Matrix for Agricultural Development Cornell Univ. Press, Ithaca, USA. Required reading for the course: To be read as follows: order:Chaps 1, 3, 13 (p.p. 255-260) 2, 4, 5 & 13 all. Ch.6-12 reference
• Tweeton, L.  (1989)Agricultural policy Analysis Tools for Economic Development Westview Press
• Norton, D (1998)Agricultural Development Policy,Concepts and experiences, Wiley Productions
• Fitzgerald, Joan and Nancey Leigh. 2002. Economic Revitalization: Cases and Strategies for City and Suburbs. London: Sage Publications.
• MIFOTRA, 2005; Five Year Action Plan for Youth Employment Promotion (NAPPYE)
• ROR (2000).Rwanda Vision 2020.    Ministry of Finance and Economic Planning , Republic of Rwanda (ROR), Kigali
• UNCTAD, 2006; Investment Policy Review Rwanda (New York and Geneva)
• Murgatroyd, P et al, 2007; Rwanda Financial Sector Development Program, Draft Report (First Initiative)

Key websites and on-line resources

• http://www.worldbank.org/poverty/strategies/index.htm
• The World Bank main PRSP page with links to country documents, policy papers, etc
• http://www.worldbank.org/poverty/strategies/review/index.htm
• The World Bank site detailing the March 2002 IMF/World Bank PRSP Review
• http://www.worldbank.og/poverty/strategie/eview/goodpactices.htm
• http://www.imf.org/external/np/exr/facts/prgf.htm
• http://www.unctad.org/en/docs/pogdsafricad2.en.pdf
• UNCTAD’s general assessment of the PRSP approach in Africa
• http://www.prspsynthesis.org/