Resources for unit 5

Three main steps of a lesson delivery are: 1) Introduction or revision, 2) development of the lesson or body of the lesson and 3) lesson conclusion which includes summary of the lesson and lesson assessment (REB, 2020).

Step 1: Introduction of the lesson or revision of the previous lesson

In this stage, the teacher introduces the new topic of the lesson to motivate or to arouse students’ interest in the new lesson. It may be a story, a joke or an example attracting students’ attention upon important concepts to be learned; or the teacher makes a revision of the previous lesson, a reminder of the prior knowledge or concepts taught in previous lessons; a reminder of students’ experience and / or comments made during practical work and which are directly related to the topic of the day; etc.

It requires the teacher to motivate his/her learners to acquire new knowledge, skills and values. This part of the lesson may help the learners to remember what they learned and to launch the motivation process. This part ends by announcing the lesson of the day and writing its title on the board.

Step 2: Lesson development/ body of the lesson

This is an essential part of the lesson where the teacher teaches the lesson of the day. The teacher should strictly and logically present the content. The content is divided in a number of parts/sections as many as the number of instructional objectives. At the end of each section, there is a short summary for a better mastery of the new content. These partial summaries draw the attention of the students to what they must know in each part or section. Partial summaries are usually followed by a short assessment, which is called formative (continuous) assessment in technical terms.

The content should be organised in a hierarchical order: i.e. follow a sequence that facilitates learning: from concrete to abstract, from simple to complex, from easy to difficult and from near to the distant. Envisage how to proceed for each section. Anticipate the types of questions to be asked and when they would be asked. Envisage the diagrams and sketches/drawings, pictures (teaching aids in general) to be developed and when to use them, when will a particular teaching aid be used?

Step 3: Lesson conclusion: Summary and assessment

A final summary of the lesson should be made at the end of the lesson. The teacher must ensure that his/her learners have acquired new knowledge, skills and values. The summary of the lesson is provided by learners with the help of the teacher.

The final summary is usually followed by an assessment, which is called the summative assessment. Assessment is a significant stage in lesson planning and delivery. As the teacher prepares his/her lesson, he/she must ask himself/herself what he/she is going to do to achieve the lesson objectives. He/she will specify clearly the competences his/her learners need to acquire and their indicators. During this final stage, the teacher will ask a set of questions to assess whether the competences or lesson objectives have been achieved at the end of the lesson. The lesson is assessed and evaluated to ensure:

-        Its theoretical retention.

-        Ascertain its understanding; and

-        Generalize the meaning of the concepts learned.

The importance of end of lesson assessment is to show the student that learned concepts are not useless; he/she may need it to solve problems in his/her everyday life.