BI90144: Molecular Genetics

The module provides a comprehensive structure, function, and application of genetic material at the molecular level. It begins with the nucleotide composition, phosphodiester bonds, and the double-helix model, before exploring how genetic information flows through the Central Dogma via DNA replication, transcription, RNA processing, and translation. The module further examines mechanisms regulating gene expression in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic systems, as well as different forms of genetic variation and mutation. In addition, it introduces key molecular techniques such as Polymerase Chain Reaction, gel electrophoresis, DNA sequencing, and recombinant DNA technology, and highlights their applications in fields like forensics, genetic engineering, and bioinformatics, while addressing important issues in biosafety and bioethics.